Quicklime is produced by firing limestone at high temperatures, driving off carbon dioxide and leaving calcium oxide. It is highly reactive and generates significant heat when water is added, making it a powerful but specialist material that requires careful handling and experience.

Hot lime is made by mixing quicklime directly with aggregates while it is slaking. This traditional method creates a highly workable, breathable mortar with excellent bond strength, often used in historic masonry where compatibility and performance are critical.

Lime putty is produced by slaking quicklime with excess water and allowing it to mature over time. It is highly breathable, flexible, and slow-setting, making it ideal for fine plastering, pointing, and conservation work on historic buildings.

Hydrated lime (Non Hydrualic Lime) is a dry, powdered form of lime that has already been slaked under controlled conditions. It is easier to transport and store than lime putty and is commonly used for general mortars, plasters, and lime-based finishes.

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Non-hydraulic lime sets by reacting with carbon dioxide in the air rather than with water. This slow carbonation process produces a soft, flexible, and highly breathable material, well suited to traditional solid masonry and heritage structures.

Natural hydraulic lime contains natural clay impurities that allow it to set through a chemical reaction with water. Available in different strengths (NHL 2, 3.5, and 5), it offers faster setting times and higher strength while remaining breathable.

Premixed lime products combine lime, aggregates, and sometimes additives in factory-controlled conditions. They offer consistency, reduced site mixing, and predictable performance, making them a practical option for both conservation and modern construction.

Insulated lime render incorporates lightweight or insulating aggregates such as cork or perlite. It improves thermal performance while maintaining vapour permeability, making it suitable for solid wall buildings where breathability is essential.

Limecrete flooring is a breathable alternative to conventional concrete floors, designed especially for historic and solid-wall buildings. Instead of cement, it uses lime-based binders combined with lightweight insulating aggregates such as foamed glass or LECA to create a floor that allows moisture to move naturally through the structure. This helps prevent trapped damp, protects surrounding masonry, and supports the natural moisture balance of traditional buildings. Limecrete floors are typically finished with lime screeds or natural floor finishes, creating a durable, thermally efficient and vapour-permeable floor system well suited to conservation and sustainable construction.

Foamglass aggregates provide a highly effective insulating and lightweight structural layer for floors and foundations. Products such as Foamglass 10, Foamglass 40 and Foamglass 65 are manufactured from 100% recycled glass and expanded into a cellular, lightweight aggregate that combines thermal insulation with load-bearing stability. Installed as a compacted layer beneath floor slabs or limecrete floors, these aggregates create an insulating sub-base that reduces heat loss while also providing excellent drainage and frost resistance

Aerogel-based insulation plasters such as TermoRasante AeroGel and Termointonaco offer exceptional thermal performance in minimal thicknesses. TermoRasante AeroGel, incorporating advanced silica aerogel technology, achieves an impressive λ_eq ≈ 0.010 W/m·K, significantly outperforming conventional insulating materials.

With just 5–10 mm of application, it can raise internal wall surface temperatures by 3–5 °C, effectively reducing condensation and mould risk. Termointonaco provides similar benefits with excellent breathability (λ ≈ 0.043 W/m·K), making both ideal for heritage or space-limited projects.